Small Scale, Big Difference
LNG plays a critical role in global energy supplies, especially where pipeline infrastructure is limited or demand fluctuates seasonally.
In recent years, the industry has seen growing momentum behind small scale LNG projects due to their lower capital requirements, faster deployment timelines, and suitability for remote and distributed applications. These include power generation for off-grid locations, LNG bunkering, marine fuelling, peak shaving, and virtual pipeline networks.
As LNG technology adapts to these new deployment models, efficient and scalable liquefaction solutions are essential. Refrigeration compressors, in particular, have a direct impact on plant performance, energy efficiency, and reliability.
This article reviews two key refrigeration cycles used in small scale LNG liquefaction: the reverse Brayton cycle and the mixed refrigerant cycle (MRC). In addition, it explores the role of integrally geared compressors (IGCs), turboexpanders and Companders, highlighting how these machines unlock performance, flexibility, and cost advantages. The article also briefly looks at the challenges and other considerations that plant engineers should take into account.
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